When discussing medication for treating erectile dysfunction (ED), prescription drugs like sildenafil (Viagra) and tadalafil (Cialis) are the go-to first-line therapies that urologists typically recommend. But some men are considering the option of natural complimentary therapies in addition to their prescribed pharmaceutical. Cloves are one of the historically used natural aphrodisiac that men have been using for sexual health. Here’s a summary of the purported sexual benefits of cloves to men.
Overview of Cloves
Cloves are the dried, unopened flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum, a tree native to Indonesia. In addition to their pleasant, sweet taste, cloves contain the phytochemicals and essential oils that give them their medicinal value. The active ingredients in cloves include:
- Eugenol – The main ingredient in clove oil. Possesses anesthetic and antiseptic properties.
- Eugenol acetate – Also found in clove bud oil. Anti-inflammatory.
- Caryophyllene – Terpenoid constituent of many oils. May improve circulation.
- Acetyleugenol and beta-caryophyllene – Other minor ingredients in clove bud oil.
Traditionally in India, China, and other Asian countries, cloves have been used as herbal remedies for a wide variety of ailments such as digestive problems and respiratory tract infections as well as toothaches and joint pains. Cloves are now commonly used as a spice in many cuisines worldwide and in dentifrices for their anesthetic effects. But what is lesser known is the use of cloves in traditional medicine for sexual health of the males.
Traditional Use of Cloves for Male Sexual Function
In traditional Indian, Chinese, Indonesian and Moroccan medicine, cloves were used as an aphrodisiac and treatment of male sexual dysfunction:
- China – Traditional Chinese Medical practitioners believed that cloves had warming effects and increased the “Yang” male essence, thereby increasing vitality.
- India – Ayurveda used cloves to treat “shukrala” or seminal weakness to improve male fertility and sexual energy.
- Indonesia – Indonesian Jamu herbal medicine used cloves as an “inner fire” stimulant for men.
- Morocco – In traditional Moroccan medicine, cloves were brewed into teas to stimulate sexual drive for men.
- Tanzania–Zanzibari ethnomedicine used cloves as a sexual tonic and remedy for ED, in addition to other spices.
Herbal healers in these countries would prescribe cloves to men to improve libido, enhance male sexual performance and remedy erectile disabilities. This traditional use of cloves persisted due to the effects they were believed to have on the body, and passed on from generation to generation. What does the scientific evidence have to say about cloves and male sexual health?
Scientific Research on Cloves and Male Sexual Function
Though there are only a handful human clinical studies on the effects of cloves for males’ sexual health, there is some preliminary research that suggests that cloves may have a beneficial effect:
Cloves and Sexual Function Animal Studies
- A study published in Andrologia gave male mice extracts of cloves. The mice that were treated exhibited increased mating activity, higher sperm production and increased testicular weight than the control group. Researchers associated these fertile effects to cloves’ ability to increase testosterone in the treated mice.
- An animal model study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine found that clove extracts relaxed smooth muscles in the penises of rats. This resulted in increased blood flow into the erectile tissue and gave the rodents “clove-induced” erections.
Cloves and Sexual Function Human Studies
A small pilot study had a group of men with mild ED take a supplement that contained 100 mg of clove oil extract per day for one month. According to the report in Asian Journal of Andrology, men in the clove group experienced significantly stronger erections and sexual satisfaction as compared to the placebo group. In a study published in Phytomedicine, researchers gave healthy men 200 mg daily of a patented eugenol-rich clove extract called Eleguvera for 6 weeks. Men that took the clove extract reported significant increases in libido than the placebo group. A clinical trial published the journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine gave men with ED either 50 mg clove oil capsules or a placebo twice daily for 8 weeks. Men in the clove oil group experienced significant improvements in their ED symptoms, sexual function and satisfaction. Even though more rigorous human trials are still needed, this preliminary research offers some insight into the potential beneficial effects of cloves on the sexual function of men with ED.
Proposed Mechanisms of Action of Cloves on Male Sexual Function
Based on the ingredients of cloves and the limited number of clinical studies done so far, here are some of the proposed mechanisms of how cloves may enhance sexual performance and remedy erectile issues in men:
- Increases Testosterone
There is evidence that certain ingredients found in cloves like eugenol may help to boost testosterone levels in men, which is essential for the maintenance of healthy male sexual function. Supporting testosterone production within the healthy range is important, since the hormone plays a vital role in male sexuality and overall health. The spices fennel and basil have also shown testosterone-boosting effects. - Improves Blood Circulation
One of the active ingredients in clove is the terpenoid caryophyllene, which is part of the reason for clove’s pleasant aroma. In animal studies, caryophyllene has been shown to relax the walls of blood vessels. This relaxation of arteries allows more arterial blood flow to the genital area facilitating the erection process. Good blood circulation is a must in having healthy erectile function. - Reduces Inflammation
Due to the presence of ingredients like eugenol acetate, cloves may possess anti-inflammatory properties as evidenced by studies. Chronic inflammation in the reproductive system can impair sexual function and performance. The anti-inflammatory effects of cloves may help to reduce such impairments. - Stimulates Nerves
Some of the ingredients in cloves are believed to stimulate nerve endings in the genitalia. This stimulation may result in enhanced tactile sensation, thereby boosting arousal. However, more research is needed to establish this effect of cloves on male sexual function. - Enhances Libido
It is argued that the distinct aroma of cloves may help to enhance libido in men. The scent molecules may stimulate the olfactory nerves that are involved in sexual desire and arousal. However, controlled human studies have not proven this effect. - Lowers Stress
Studies done in vitro suggest that cloves help to regulate the production of cortisol, the major stress hormone in the body. By regulating cortisol production, cloves may help to reduce stress levels in men, which can in turn increase sexual performance since stress impairs testosterone production.
Through these various mechanisms, cloves have the potential to be used as a natural adjunct treatment for enhancing male sexual health and treating erectile dysfunction. But always consult with your physician before taking cloves or any supplement for ED or other sexual dysfunctions.
Dosage of Cloves for Enhancing Male Sexual Function
- There is no standard dosage for cloves or clove extract as a natural sexuality supplement for men. However, based on the traditional preparation methods and the dosages used in the clinical studies mentioned previously, here are some approximate dosages for cloves preparations that may be beneficial for enhancing male sexual performance:
- Whole Cloves – 1 to 3 grams per day, taken with food
- Clove Powder – 500 to 1000 mg daily, mixed with honey or ghee
- Clove Oil – 50 to 200 mg per day in capsule form
- Clove Extract – 200 to 400 mg daily, standardized to 5-10% eugenol
The amount of eugenol in clove preparations is important, since this phytochemical appears to be a key contributor to the sexual enhancing effects of cloves. When using clove oil, it is advisable to dilute it since the essential oil can burn the skin. Work with an integrative medicine practitioner to determine the optimal dosage for you. And always start with small doses of cloves.
Are Cloves Effective in Treating Erectile Dysfunction?
Based on traditional use and preliminary research studies, cloves and clove extracts have potential in enhancing libido and improving erectile hardness. However, there are limited human clinical studies that have tested whether cloves can be an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. The few studies that have been done have small sample sizes and were of short duration, and used different preparations of cloves.
More human trials are needed to further investigate the potential use of cloves in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. A systematic evidence-based review published in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies concluded that more research is needed to investigate the potential of cloves for treating sexual dysfunction.
For moderate to severe cases of erectile dysfunction, cloves are not likely to be effective as a standalone treatment. Other pharmacological interventions such as sildenafil (Viagra), lifestyle modifications, counseling and devices may be needed for optimal results. However, cloves may serve as an adjunct treatment for mild cases of ED when used in combination with other conventional ED treatments.
Always consult with your doctor to determine whether cloves may be a suitable option for you.
Reviews of Cloves for Enhancing Male Sexual Function
Though the clinical evidence is still preliminary, there are a number of positive reviews from men that have used cloves for their sexual health:
“I tried clove capsules because I heard they can boost your sex drive. It subtly helped me get in the mood for lovemaking with my wife. Seems to relax me too.” – David, age 33
“I added a dash of clove powder to my coffee in the morning. After a week or so, I noticed being more easily aroused when the wife and I hit the sheets. Not bad for a little spice!” – Darius, age 44
“My naturopath recommended I try a clove extract supplement to help with my ED issues. After a month, I noticed stronger, longer-lasting erections. Works great combined with the Cialis my doc prescribed.” – Steve, age 59
Individual results may vary depending on the individual and the preparation used. While not a magic cure-all, there are men that report beneficial effects of adding small amounts of cloves to their lifestyles for enhancing libido and sexual function.
Potential Side Effects and Safety Considerations of Cloves
In normal food amounts, cloves are likely safe for most people. However, taking clove extracts or in high amounts may cause some potential adverse health effects:
- Liver toxicity – Taking high amounts may potentially harm the liver based on animal studies. Stop using cloves if symptoms of liver trouble occur.
- Blood thinning – Cloves may potentiate the effects of actual blood thinners causing increased bleeding according to some evidence. Consult your doctor before using cloves with blood-thinning medications like warfarin or aspirin. Stop cloves 2 weeks before any scheduled surgery.
- Mouth irritation – Cloves can cause a numbing and irritating sensation in the mouth. Drink water and rinse your mouth after consuming cloves.
- Skin irritation – Undiluted clove oil may irritate and burn the skin and mucous membranes. Dilute before applying to the skin and avoid contact with your eyes.
- Drug interactions – Cloves may interact with sedative medications, antibiotics, antacids, and drugs metabolized by the liver. Talk to your pharmacist about potential clove interactions with all your prescription medications and medical conditions.
To stay safe, start with small amounts of cloves to assess your personal tolerance. And consult your healthcare provider before taking cloves if you take any medications or have underlying health issues.
Best Practices for Using Cloves for Sexual Health
If you and your doctor decide cloves are worth a try, keep these best practices in mind:
Always consult your physician before using cloves or any supplement, especially if you take prescription medications.
Inform your doctor about any side effects you may experience with cloves. Discontinue use if any concerning symptoms arise.
Buy cloves from reputable suppliers and avoid products with proprietary blends that do not list what ingredients and how much they have.
Opt for cloves that are certified organic, ethically sourced, and sustainably grown whenever possible. This ensures higher quality and purity.
Start with small doses of cloves to gauge your personal response before increasing the amount if needed.
Combine cloves with healthy lifestyle changes like eating nutritious whole foods, exercising, reducing stress, and not smoking to achieve optimal sexual health.
Be patient and take cloves regularly for several weeks or months for the ingredients to build up in your system. But never expect miracles from cloves.
View cloves as an adjunct treatment to complement your doctor’s prescribed medical regimen and not replace it entirely.
Should You Use Cloves for ED or Male Sexual Health?
Some men are turning to cloves in the hopes of boosting their libido, increasing testosterone levels, and improving the quality of their erections. According to history, animal research, and limited human studies, compounds like eugenol and caryophyllene in cloves may offer certain male sexual benefits. But more rigorous human trials are still needed.
Cloves may provide complementary vascular and hormonal support alongside conventional ED treatments your doctor has prescribed. But cloves on their own are unlikely to cure most cases of erectile dysfunction that require medical intervention. As with any supplement, speak to your healthcare provider to determine if trying cloves is appropriate for your situation.
While not a magic fix, adding a small amount of cloves to your meals may provide natural complementary support for enhancing male sexual function. But always work with your physician and never stop taking ED medications or treatments without medical supervision.
Addressing erectile difficulties generally requires a multifaceted holistic approach. Combined with healthy lifestyle changes, prescription drugs as needed, and professional counseling, cloves can play a complementary role in supporting men’s sexual health.
